北极新航道的开通面临西方发达国家的“生态壁垒”，围绕北极航道适航性的评估是国家重大战略需求，故开展海冰消退与生态环境的监测和评估，评价航道开通对极地海洋生态环境的影响，可为北极航道适航性的评估提供科技支撑。南大洋作为全球海洋最大的碳汇区域，其碳中和及酸化过程，尤其是中深层水的储碳过程亟需深入研究，对南大洋碳汇和酸化的“全盘把控”将有助于提升我国的极地话语权和影响力。

The opening of the new Arctic shipping lane is facing the "ecological barriers" from the western developed countries. The assessment of the navigability of the Arctic shipping lane is a major national strategic demand. Therefore, the monitoring and assessment of the sea ice receding and ecological environment, and the evaluation of the impact of the opening of the shipping lane on the polar marine ecological environment can provide scientific and technological support for the assessment of the navigability of the Arctic shipping lane. As the largest carbon sink area in the global ocean, the carbon neutralization and acidification process in the Southern Ocean, especially the carbon storage process in the middle and deep water, needs to be studied in depth, and the "overall control" of carbon sink and acidification in the Southern Ocean will help to improve China's polar voice and influence.

极地海洋、海冰、冰架立体观测系统示意图

Schematic diagram of polar ocean, sea ice and ice shelf stereoscopic observation system